Stripped traducir turco
3 traducción paralela
It was like everything had just been stripped away from me and I was just one big, festering sore.
Elimdeki her şey alındı sanki iltihaplı bir yara haline geldim.
Да, но фильтр отделен от табака.
Yeah, but it's field-stripped.
- Stripped
Sezon 2.